20 October 2025 · First online (indexed publication record)
Stephen Bruehl, Beatriz Villarroel
Scientific reports · Exploratory historical correlation study
Researchers compared transient marks in early Palomar survey material with nuclear-test dates and historical UAP reports, reporting statistical associations in their assembled dataset.
Method and scope
Daily records across 2,718 days were used to test associations between identified transients, testing and sighting-report counts.
What to keep in mind
Correlation does not establish causation or the physical origin of a plate mark. Artefact exclusion, historical dataset completeness and independent replication remain essential to the interpretation.
Original paper & source
Read the original source record →
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-21620-3
Indexed original abstract, citation and linked publication-status metadata reviewed through Europe PMC; full text not assessed. UKPX reference added and checked 7 November 2026. The date above belongs to the paper.