The impact of interoceptive accuracy and stimulation type on the out-of-body experience

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12 October 2022 · First online (indexed publication record)
Ke Ma, Liping Yang, Bernhard Hommel
Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006) · Experimental body-ownership study

A virtual-body experiment examined how movement, touch and awareness of internal bodily signals influence embodiment. Synchrony affected reported ownership, with differences between stimulation types.

Method and scope

Researchers varied visuomotor and visuotactile synchrony and assessed interoceptive accuracy using a heartbeat-counting task.

What to keep in mind

An experimentally induced body illusion is not equivalent to every spontaneous out-of-body account. Results also depend on the measures used for embodiment and interoception.

Original paper & source

Read the original source record →
DOI: 10.1177/17470218221128285

Indexed original abstract, citation and linked publication-status metadata reviewed through Europe PMC; full text not assessed. UKPX reference added and checked 7 November 2026. The date above belongs to the paper.